Helicopter mechanism for flying machines



April 14, 1925.

' 1,533,713 F. TATAY HELICOPTER MECHANISM FOR FLYING MACHINES Filed p i 1924 2 Sheets-She ot 1 April 14, 1925. 1,533,713

.- F. TATAY HELICOPTER MECHANISM FOR FLYING MACHINES F l p 1924 2 sheets-shut z INVENTOR 5m 3 BY S ATTORNEY E;

Patented Apr. 14,1925. 1

1,533,713 FICE'.

UNITED STATES PATENT oF 11mm: TM'AY, on NEW YORK, n.1,

. nnnroorrnn MECHANISM m FLYING MAGHEINES.

' Application filed April 10, 1924. SeriaI'No. 705,485.:-

To all whom it. may concern:

Be itknown that I, FRANK TATAY, citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Helicopter Mechanism for Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification. i

and it has for an object the. provision of a novel form of arrangement for use 1n causing the machine to ascent or descend,' a-

further object relating to the provision of planes with openin s therein which are normally closed b s utters or valves which may be opened w en the machine is to descend, and to the arrangement of the means ,for causing upward and downward flight in I a manner to facilitate the maintaining of lateral balance. 1 j

-For further comprehension of the invention, and of the pbjects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the follow- .ing description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of theinvention are more particularly set forth.

Fig. 1 ofthe drawings is a. plan view of my improvedhelicopter flying machine.

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof. V Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 3 -3 of Fi -1. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the control and ll-the body or fuselage from which the wings project. In the front end of the body is an ordinary internal combustion engine 12 which may drive a helical propeller'13 which is fixed on the front end of its shaft 14. Upon the rear end of this shaft 14 is fixed a bevel gear 16which'meshes with a like gear 17 loose on a transverse shaft-- 18 which extends laterally from the body 11 throu h the wings 10. Upon the ends of this raft are fixed the'helicopter wheels This invention relates to flying machines,

20 which have the helicopter vanes- 21 mounted on their rims, which vanes are suitably inclined so as to exert a downward beat on the air at the forward sides of the wheels, the direction of rotation of the wheels being such that the vanes move and engaging a clutch face on the hub of the said gear, the clutch 23 beingshifted along the shaft by means of a hand lever 24.

The rear halves of the helicopter wheels 20 are covered by the fixed semi-cylindrical housings 26 which are suitably mounted on the wings 10, While the front halves of the said wheels may be covered to a greater or less extent.by"means of the movably semicylindrical housings 27 which are freely mounted on the ends of the shaft'18 to swing around the latter so as to vary the degreeof'exposure of the wheels on the front sides thereof. For adjustment of these housings 27 they are provided with gear teeth 2.8 on their peripheries which are engaged by gear I pinions 29 on the outer ends of the alined transverse shafts 30 which have worm pinions 31 fixed to their inner ends. These shafts 30 may be supported by suitable hearing elements under the wings and they project at theirinner ends, which are spaced from one another, into the body 11.

I here provide means whereby these shafts may be rotated in unison to simultaneously effect a corresponding adjustment of each housing 27 or may-be given a relatively independent movement. As here shown the worm gears are engaged by the worm pinions 35 on the short shafts 36 extending longitudinally in-the body one adjacent each side of the latter. Upon these shafts are fixed the gears 37 which are in juxtaposed relation on the respective shafts and are adapted .to'

be engaged by either one of a pair of gears 38 and 39 on a third shaft 40 located cen- The gears.

trally between the shafts 36. on the shaft 40 are of such relative size that the larger gear 38 may mesh at once with both of the gears 37 while the smaller gear 39 may mesh at once with only one of the said gears 37, the shaft 40 being mounted for both swinging and. longitudinal movement 'to bring the proper gears into mesh. As

- while by moving latter has a handwheel on its projectingv end. It will be apparent that by positioning the shaft 40 longitudinally with the gear 38 in mesh with the gears 37 the two housings 27 may be adjusted simultaneously,

the shaft longitudinally and then swinging the shaft laterally to bring the gear 39 into mesh with the desired one of the gears 37 either of said housings may be adjusted independently on the other.

' To more readily allow the machine to descend I preferably provide one or more openings in the wings which are normally closed by suitable shutters or valves 51 which latter may be opened when the machine is descending. These valves 51 are in the form of flaps hinged at their forward ends to the bottom of the wings 10 to swing downwardly to uncover the openings. I have here provided means whereby the said flaps are opened automatically when the housings 27 are moved to positions completely or substantially covering the wheels 20. As here shown an arm 54 is fixed to 'each flap 51 co-axially therewith and is connected by a link 55 with another arm r56 which is pivoted under the plane or wing as at 57 and which is adapted to be engaged b fii ied to' and projecting-radially from a hub extension 27' of the housing 27. lVhen the housing is swung a suflicient distancethis stud 58 engages the arm 56 and swings the valve 51 open. 1

By means of my rangement I am thus enabled to control the flying machine at will for ascent or descent,

and to maintain lateral balance.

1 engaged in suitable guide elements.

As shown in Fig. 7 I may make the heli- 'copters of oval form and construct them of vanes (35 mounted on an endless band (36 which is engaged with sprocket Wheels '67, one of which is driven from the shaft 18 by a chain 68, the edges of the band 66 being ible adjustable apron 70 is mounted in the housin 71 to vary the opening therein, this apron eing guided in suitable elements in the housing 71 and adapted for adjustment means similar to that already described. While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the ;precise construction herein shown,

the shaft 40 is a col- I a stud 58 projecting from an arm 59 improved helicopter arand that various changes and modifications might be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

, Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is as fol-. lows 1. A flying machine having a pair of paddle whee s arranged on axes transverse tothe machine, fixed housings covering the rear halves of the said wheels and rotary housings adapted to cover to varying extents the front halves of said wheels, a manually .operable element for adjusting said housings, and means whereby said manually operable element ma atively connected to both of said housings or to either one alone to adjust the same either independently of one another or in unison.

2. A flying machine having a pair of .paddle wheels arranged on axes transverse be selectively operto the machine, fixed housings covering the rear halves of the said wheels and rotary housings adapted to cover to varying extents the front halves of said wheels, and means for adjusting said housings either independently of one another or in unison, including gear teeth formed on said housings, a pair of shafts having gear connections with the respective gears on the housings, gears on said pair of shafts, a third shaft located between said pair of shafts, and gears on said third shaft adapted to selectively en: gage the gears on thesaid pair of shafts.

3.'A flying machine having a pair of paddle wheels arranged on axes transverse to the machine, fixed housings covering the dependently of one another or in unison, in-

cluding gear teeth formed on said housings, a pair of shafts having gear connections with the respective gears on the housmgs,

gears on said pair of shafts, a third shaft located between said pair of shafts, and gears on said third shaft adapted-to selectively engage the gears on the said pair of shafts, one of said gears on the third shaft being larger than the other and adapted to simultaneously engage both of the said gears on the said pair of shafts.

4. A flying. machine having a pair ofpaddle wheels arranged on axes transverse to the machine, fixed housings covering the rear halves of the said wheels and rotary housings adapted to' cover to varying ex tents the front halves of said wheels, and

means for adjusting said housings either in-,

dependently of one another or in unison,in-'

eluding gear teeth formedon said housings, a pair of shafts having gear .connections.

withfthe res ective gears on the housings, paddle wheels arranged on axes transverse 15 ears on sai pair of shafts, a third shaft to the machine, fixed housings covering the ocated between. said pair of shafts, and rear halves of the said wheels, and rotary gears on'said third shaft adapted to selechousin" adapted to cover to varying ex- 6 tivel engage the gears on the said air of tents t e front halves of said wheels, 9. pair shafs, one of said'ge'ars on the thir shaft of wings on said machine, said win hav- .0-

bein ilarger than the other and adapted mg, openings therein, valves normal y closto s multaneouslyrengage both of the said in said openings, and. means whereby said K gears on the said pair of shafts, said third 'va ves are opened by the said housings when shaft being mounted for swinging movethe latter are swung to certain positlons,

ment to permit of selective engagement of In testimonywhereoffI have aflixed my 25 the other gear thereon with e1ther-of the signature.- gears on the said pair of shafts.

5. A flying machine having a pair of FRANK TATAY. 

